Basically, electricity is a form of energy is produced by the movement of electrons.This form of energy can be sent through wires in a flow of tiny particles. It is used to produce light and heat and to run motors. The main source of electricity is induction. What is induction? Induction is the process of heating an electrically conducting object.The generation of electromotive force in a closed circuit by a varying magnetic flux through the circuit. There are two classification of electricity which are AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current).
AC waves flows many directions, continually changing between positive (+) and negative (-). The rate of changing direction is called frequency of the AC and it is measured in hertz (Hz) which is the number of forwards-backwards cycles per second.
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| This shape is called sine wave |
DC always flows in one direction, but it may increase or decrease. A DC voltage is always positive (or always negative) ,but it may increase or decrease. Electronic circuits normally require a steady DC supply which is constant at one value or a smooth DC supply which has small variation called ripple.
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| Steady DC |
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| Smooth DC |
In basic electricity, a circuit is a path between two or more points along which an electrical current can be carried. A simple circuit contains a minimum things needed to have a functioning electric circuit, it requires the following:
- A source of potential difference or voltage. (battery or electrical outlet)
- A conductive path which would allow for the movement of charges. (typically made of wire)
- An electrical resistance (resistor) which is loosely defined as any object that uses electricity to do work. (bulb, electric motor, speaker, etc.)
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| Example of a simple circuit |
SAFETY FIRST:
We all know that working with electricity involved in it is hazardous. In this field it is a need to be extra careful to avoid accidents/electric shocks. Electrical safety is primarily dependent upon appropriate job planning and correct testing procedures and techniques.reference:
© John Hewes 2010, The Electronics Club, www.kpsec.freeuk.com
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