Fish culture is where people own and look after a stock of fish. This might involve regular stocking, fertilization and feeding, protection from predators and diseases, and taking care of the environment. The most common fish species raised by fish farms are salmon, carp, tilapia, European seabass, catfish and cod. These fishes are stocked on a pond.
Fishpond
It is the place where the fishes are raised. Usually square in shape. Ponds can be described according to where and how they are made and the use to which they are put. Ponds have this main parts:
⌂ Nursery pond is the smallest portion of the pond system. It should be constructed near the main gate in order to have access to the source of the water.
⌂ The transition pond is smaller than the Rearing, where the fry is being stunted and may also be served as rearing pond during the late season of cultivation.
⌂ The Rearing pond which the fingerlings will be cultured to its desired size occupies the biggest pond bottom of the fish pond project. It is estimated that the size of the Nurseries pond is about 13 per cent, the transition pond is 37 per cent and the Rearing/Production pond is 50 per cent of the total area.
This is a sample layout of a fishpond.
It is very important to consider the factors in selecting a fishpond site. Before going on the construction of the pond it is advised to conduct investigation concerning the suitability of the fishpond site. The following must be observed:
1. Water Supply - There must be an adequate supply of clean water throughout the year or free from pollution.
2. Drainage- It is important that the site can be thoroughly drained and dried in order to totally eradicate, all fingerlings or fry predators.
3. Soil- It is essential that the soil must be thoroughly analyze to determine whether it is suitable foe fishpond development. Clay loam, sandy clay, or clay with rich deposit of organic matter is the best soil for the said project.
4. Vegetation- Clear areas or scanty vegetation should be selected.
5. Freedom from Flood- Proposed sites that are prone to flooding or which are recurrently flooded should be avoided since the fish stock will be washed away, likewise the dikes and the gates of the said project.
6. Availability of Fingerlings- Fishponds needs sufficient supply of fingerlings in order to have the maximum frequency of stocking, thus production is high.
7. Marketing- It is also important to consider the distance to the market outlets and availability of transportation.
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| Cyprinus Carpio |
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| Different kinds of fish for stocking |
Having the wide knowledge about fish culture is very important before engaging to any project. to have a very successful outcome.
For more information about fish culture/aquaculture click here.
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